Carbureter for explosive-engines.



fJoiiN HOWARD JOHNS/Ton, or mais, -rnai-Noia-` lSpec'ziication ofLetters Patent. Patented March 20, 1906.

ippiiaaohneaima-19h05. serianolzavsa ,j 1

To all wiz/omit may concern: y y j Be it known that I, JOHN'HOWARD JOHN-sToN, engineer,"a citizen of theV UnitedStatesk of America, residing at145Rue de la Pompe,

yParis, in the Republic of Francahaveinvvented certain new and usefulImprovements 'in Carbureters vfor Explosive -Engines, of .which thefollowing is a-specification.

This invention relates to a carbureter'for explosive-engines so equippedas to allow of obtaining an explosive mixture the richness of whichwillalways remain the saine what-vever may be the lspeed of the engine.n l gIn principle this carbureter comprises a regulating hollow pistonwhich surrounds a) .spray-pipe and the inner Wall of whichis'conver'g'ent, so Vthat .the sectionjof the annular.

rpassage prodi/iced around tlie orifice of the spray-pipevariesaccording to the position of the piston. .On the other hand, the wall ofthe f'latteris provided with apertures jlor the passage oi the air-andis surroumled-for a part of its length by a ring, so that the air comingin.

atA one end of' the wallo'l the piston is caused l to move out at theother end atter having passed around the spray pipe or nozzle. Ac-

cording to the position given to the regnlaty ing or adjusting' piston,thc air 'finds through the'apertures olf the latter, and through thelannularv space iorni'ed around the oriiice of' the sprayjpipe passageso'lless ory greater section, soy thatthe speed at which itpasses aroundthe or'lice ol" the spray-pipc can be regulated at will and at' a-predeteiinined amount, lwhich remains4 always the saine at whateverspeed the engine ruiming. As the richness oi" the explosive mixturedepends, essentially, on the speed at which the air passes around theorilice oi." the spray-pipe, the resultis that the coniposition ol'` themixture can thus be rendered constant, the elliciency Aol the enginebeing greater on that account.

Reference isto be had to the accompany- Jing drawing, which shows insection one ein'- bodiinent oi." this invention, and in which-- adesignates a spray-pipe to which oil is ied from' a lateral reservoir l)(in which the level of'theoil remains always the same) through a lowerpipe c. Around the said spray-pipe is arranged a hollow piston (L, the

' inner Wall d of which -is of conical shape and provided with severalcrowns ol apertures lm m"l 'mf 'm4 'm5, opening through the outer walldit, which is ol' cylindrical shape '.lhe said pist/(ai isn guided by acylindrical ring c,

which extendsv .apart of the length of the i' v'saine and forms aportion of wider casingf.

vOne end of the 'latter is secured around the base of the spray-pipe andhas lateral apertures or openings for the entrance of the -air fromwithout, while theother end of the casing is connectedwith the suctionvalve or valves of an engine by-one or more pipes g.

- The piston d is provided with a rod h passing through the casingf andwhich vis capable of being moved by any suitable mechanism operated byhand. lThis mechanism must comprise stop-notches, a graduation, or thelike to allow of the driver of the engine bringing the piston (Z at`once into-any predeterminedposition.

In the positionshown in the drawing, and which corresponds to that inwhich the engine is ruiming idly,the piston is in close proximity to thespray-pipe, and the air coming in through the apertures f,m, and 'm5 canonly move`out through the small' outlctfi in the base of the piston.

When Vthe engine is running at -a determined spced-say attwo hundredrevolutions the piston is so moved as to bring the apertures m/ abovelthe ring e." The air then 4 the same and through the apertures mi,passes round the spray-pipe, and thenout through g the apertures m. lliediameter of the passage around the critico of the spray-pipe isindicated at 1 l. When the engine is running at Afour hundredrevolutions, for instance, the piston isso movedv as .to bring theapertures m2 above'the ring e. The air coming into the piston throughthe lower orifice of the same circulates around the spray-pipe and'passes out through the aliertues-'m/ and m2.` 2 2 show the diameterol'f the corresponding assage .for-ined around the spray-pipe. Itwilbeundei-stood that as the speed of theengine has doubled with respectIto that of the previous case the quantity oi' air sucked in has alsodoubled, andas, on the other hand, the Section of the passage. aroundthe orifice of the y enters the piston through the lower oriilce of tIOO spray-pipe has become double what it was Y also the speed ol the airin that section is the saine as it was before; Likewise il" the speedofthe engine is incriatsed up to six hundred, eight hundred, one thousandrevolutions, thevpiston will be so moved as to uncover successively theapertures mi* m4 m5 in such ak manner asto maintain the speed o'l theaii" always the saine when passing around' the oriliee ol thespray-pipe.

. requirements, as

vergent shape so long as it retains I It will of course be understoodthat -the numbers given above arenot absolute in any Way. I

The number and the dirnenslons of the ap.- ertures m to m5 may be variedaccording to well as the thickness of the solid zones k, which separatethe crowns of apertures. These solidl zones serve to cause all the airsucked in to' rise up as far as the orifice of the spray-pipe before'moving into the thickness of the wall of the piston and before movi'r gaway from the said walls. Furthermore, they break up the gaseous veinsand insure an intimate mixture of the air and the explosive vapors.Their thickness may be very small. On the other hand, the apertures m tom5 are shown as' being straight through the wall of the piston; but they,may pass through the said wall-in any inclined direction.

4Instead of being exactly conical the inner wall of the piston may be ofsome other conthe general principle of construction set forth.

claim` 1. In a carbureter, the combination of a spray-pipe, of a hollowpiston around the spray-pipe, having an inner wall conical in shape andlateral a ertures, of a ring surrounding aportion ofpthe length of thepiston, and of means for position of the piston with respect to thespray-pipe and the said ring.

n a carbureter, the combination of a spray-pipe, of a hollow pistonaround the spray-pipe, having an inner wall of conical A'shape andlateral apertures, the said apertures being arranged in several crownsseparated by solid ortions; of a ring surrounding a portion o the lengthof the piston; 'and of means for regulating or setting the position ofthe piston with respect to thespraypipe and to the said ring.

3. A earbureter having an outer casing, a

adjusting or regulating the liquid-fuel nozzle discharging thereinto,and a regulating member adjustable in the casing anal inclosing'thenozzle, said member 'having a conical interior form and openings throughits sides, the adjustment of the regulating member serving to cover oruncover one or more of said openings, whereby to re ulate the movementof the carbureted alr through the carbureter.

4. 'carbureter havingv an.. outer casing with inlet and outlet openingsrespectively adjacent to its end portions,'al liquid-fuel nozzleprojecting into the casing, said casing lhaving an enlarged interiorabove the fu'elnozzle ad jacent to the discharge-opening, and` a'regulating member movable in the casing and surrounding the nozzle, saidregulating member having openings therein at different points aloiw itslergth, whereby the position of the member in the outer casingdetermines lthe amount of air permitted to flow through the carbureter.

5. A carbureter having an outer casing with inlet and outlet openingsrespectively adjacent to its end portions, a liquid-fuel nozzleprojecting into the casing, said casing having an enlarged interiorabove the fuel-nozzle adjacent to the discharge-opening, and aregulating member movable in the casing and surrounding the nozzle, saidregulating memberhavin g openings therein at different points along itslength, whereby the position of the member in the outer amount of airpermitted to How through the earbureter, and the regulating memberhaving tapered or converging interior walls, for the purpose specified.In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention l have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HOWARD JOHNSTON. Witnesses: HANsoN C. CoxE, MAUnicE Roux.

easing determines the

